Volcanic stone (volcanic rock or pumice) is a kind of glassy lava with dense pores formed by the rapid expansion of internal gas due to the sharp reduction of pressure after the sudden cooling of magma during the volcanic eruption. The pore volume accounts for more than 50% of the rock volume. It is called pumice because of its many pores, light weight and ability to float on the surface of the water. It is characterized by high strength, heat preservation, heat insulation, sound absorption, fire protection, acid and alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, and no pollution, no radioactivity.

I call ceramsite 'baby leca' although houseplant hobbyists often use leca and ceramsite to describe the same thing. These two plant substrates are essentially are the same, with more similarities than differences, although the prep before use is slightly different (prep and more tips coming up).

Ceramsite is the granule of ceramic. Most of the appearance characteristics of ceramsite are round or elliptical spheres, but some imitation stone ceramsites are not round or elliptical spheres, but are irregularly gravel-like. The shape of the ceramsite varies from process to process.

Ceramsite is made of clay, slate, shale, coal gangue, and industrial solid waste and other raw materials, and is sintered by ceramics.

The following material was taken from Carpenter, P.A., III, Reid, Jeffrey C., and Gardner, Charles H., 1995, North Carolina, U.S.A.: An industrial mineral storehouse, in Brian J. Walker, editor, Claudette M. Simard, compiler, Proceedings of the 28th Symposium on Industrial Minerals, May 3-8, 1992, Martinsburg, West Virginia, USA, West Virginia Geologic and Economic Circular C-46, p. 65-70. Copies of the complete paper including maps and figures, and references are available from the authors upon request. Use of this material should be accompanied by appropriate citation.

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